Breach Of Bail (WA)
If a person is charged and released on bail, they must sign an “undertaking of bail”. By this undertaking the person agrees to attend court as directed and abide by bail conditions. A breach of bail is considered a serious offence in Western Australia, by police and the courts. If a person does not comply with their bail conditions, they can be arrested without a warrant and charged. Bail in Western Australia is governed by the Bail Act 1982.
Bail breaches
Under section 51 of the Act, a person on bail who fails to comply with their conditions, without a reasonable excuse, commits an offence. They are liable to a fine of up to $10,000 or imprisonment for up to 3 years, or both. They can also be ordered to pay the costs associated with the breach.
Bail conditions are imposed to reduce the likelihood that the person on bail will:
- fail to appear in court or surrender into custody as required;
- commit an offence;
- endanger the safety or welfare of others;
- interfere with a witness or otherwise obstruct the course of justice;
Such conditions may:
- impose home detention;
- prohibit the person from contacting specific people or groups;
- require the person to surrender a passport or prohibit them from applying for one;
- require the person to undergo a physical or mental health assessment;
- require the person to take part in a rehabilitation, treatment or other intervention program;
- require the person to abide by a curfew.
Home detention
Home detention can be imposed as a bail condition if:
- a person is aged over 17; and
- a community corrections report on the person and their circumstances has been considered;
- the place of home detention is suitable;
- the person will not be released on bail unless a home detention condition is imposed.
A person subject to a home detention condition cannot leave their home except:
- to work or to seek work;
- to obtain urgent medical treatment;
- to avert or minimise a serious risk of death or injury;
- to obey a written law, such as a summons;
- for a purpose approved by a community corrections officer;
- on the direction of a community corrections officer.
A person in home detention who is aged over 18 may be subject to electronic monitoring, via the wearing of a tracking device or the installation of a monitoring device at the person’s home.
Procedure for a suspected bail breach
If a court reasonably believes a person has broken or is likely to break a bail condition, it can issue a warrant for that person’s arrest. The court has several options. It can:
- revoke bail, remand the person in custody, and direct that the person be brought before the court at a specific time;
- release the person on their original undertaking, or vary it.
Sureties
A surety refers to a person who pledges to pay a specified amount if a person on bail does not comply with bail conditions. The surety’s undertaking is backed by a security, usually money or a house, which is forfeited in the event of a breach. The term surety can also refer to the specified amount undertaken to pay.
A surety must:
- be aged at least 18;
- not be a party to a restraining order with the person on bail;
- not be in a family relationship with the person on bail and have been a victim of an offence committed by the person on bail in the past 10 years;
- not be in a family relationship with the person on bail and be an alleged victim of the offence of which the person on bail has been charged.
In considering whether a proposed surety is suitable, a bail decision maker may consider the surety’s financial resources; their character and any convictions; and their proximity (in kinship or geography) to the person on bail.
A surety has a right to arrest a person on bail if the surety reasonably believes the person on bail has breached or is likely to breach their bail conditions. They can do this with or without the help of police, but must deliver the person to police as soon as practicable if they carry out the arrest themselves.
A surety ceases to have effect when:
- bail is revoked or cancelled;
- the surety dies;
- the person on bail appears in court as required;
- court proceedings for the person on bail are finalised.
If a surety applies to a court to end their obligation as a surety for a person on bail, the court can issue a warrant to arrest the person on bail and bring them before the court. If the surety is discharged from their liability, the court can remand in custody the person who was on bail, or grant them fresh bail.
For advice or representation in any legal matter, please contact Armstrong Legal.
Frequently Asked Questions: Breach of Bail
If you’re facing breach of bail conditions, it’s best to seek legal advice from a criminal defence lawyer as soon as possible.
Even when a mistake seems minor, such as missing a reporting requirement, breaking bail conditions can lead to serious consequences.
Any breach of bail, no matter how minor, could lead to an additional offence having been committed, and even if a separate charge is not laid, most commonly it can result in you being arrested for failure to comply with your bail conditions and you risk remaining in custody whilst your matter is pending if you cannot convince a Court to reissue you with bail again.
As always, you should seek legal advice before you speak to the police. Anything you say to them could be treated as an admission in respect of a breach of bail.
That’s why a criminal law specialist is in the best position to advise you on how to proceed.
Potential breaches of bail need to be dealt with urgently. If police are aware of the breach of bail, they can arrest you without any further notice to you. It is imperative that you get advice quickly from a criminal lawyer about how to deal with the situation.
A criminal lawyer can assess the circumstances surrounding the matter, explain whether your actions are likely to amount to a breach and advise you on the most appropriate way to respond.
Receiving legal advice from a criminal defence lawyer early on empowers you to make informed decisions about your situation. With Armstrong Legal’s support, you place yourself in a clearer legal position as your matter progresses.
This will depend on the condition that you have breached and why you breached it.
You should be aware that medical certificates obtained after something has occurred (i.e. in the days following) are generally not regarded as sufficient evidence and need to be obtained on the day the non-compliance occurred.
They also need to be specific. A certificate that says “John Smith is not fit for work” will, in and of itself, not be a sufficient explanation for breach of bail conditions in most circumstances.
Expert criminal solicitors will be able to advise you on any supporting information that should be gathered to assist with a further bail application if you have been arrested, or can advise what material to try to obtain in advance of that occurring.
Such documents might include work schedules, medical certificates, appointment confirmations, transport receipts, parking records, phone logs, text messages, emails, screenshots and authenticated location records.
In some situations, a person may contest or challenge allegations of breach of bail conditions.
Bail breach allegations can affect family and household arrangements, primarily because if you are arrested for a breach of bail, it is likely that if you are granted bail again, it will be subject to more stringent restrictions.
Transport delays can affect a bail breach allegation when bail conditions require a person to be present at a mandated location, such as Court attendance requirements or to report to police at a certain time, or to comply with a curfew.
There are situations where an unexpected delay in transport may occur, but this in and of itself does not mean that you won’t be in breach of your bail. Bail conditions are applied strictly, and it is your responsibility to ensure that you are complying with them. Generally speaking, offences for breaching bail conditions create a “reasonable excuse” exception.
What is reasonable will depend on all of the facts and circumstances. However, if you have failed to report to the police on time because there were train delays, this might be reasonable in some circumstances, but it might not be reasonable if you have left it far too late to try to allow for contingencies in the first place.
Also, whilst this might create a defence for an offence, it will not change the fact that you have in fact breached your bail and such still gives rise to the ability for police to arrest you and make a detention application for you to be bail refused, or for stricter conditions to be imposed before you are released.
This is why it is critical to have a criminal law expert, or assault lawyer, assist you to ensure that bail conditions that are imposed initially are practical and workable, and if they are not, to attempt to do a bail variation before problems are encountered.
If you are concerned you might be in breach of your bail, or you think that you cannot comply with your existing bail conditions, you should get legal advice immediately.
Armstrong Legal’s team of criminal law specialists can guide you through the process.
If the extent or coverage of one’s bail conditions is not clear, it’s in the person’s best interests to seek legal advice from a criminal lawyer before making assumptions.
Bail conditions are unique for each person, as they are set based on multiple factors. It’s your responsibility to ensure that you understand your bail conditions, and if you do not understand them properly and breach them as a consequence, this is incredibly unlikely to be a reasonable excuse.
Courts and police interpret conditions strictly, regardless of whether or not the person was aware of or misunderstood the conditions of their bail. It is your responsibility to get advice if you are unsure.
A drink driving lawyer can best explain how the conditions apply, what they mean, and what is and is not permitted pursuant to them.
Facing a breach of bail can feel bewildering and daunting. At Armstrong Legal, our team of Accredited Specialists in Criminal and Traffic Law can provide legal help for non-compliance with bail conditions, as well as matters like surety obligations, and advise on the safest next steps.
With clear and honest legal advice, the person can reduce the risk of an accidental breach of their bail. You deserve clarity and reassurance in such tough times. Call us now for an assessment of your case.
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